At the XIXème century and until first half of XXème, Corsica without any industrial resource, and with an agriculture latecomer on that of the continent, undergoes a large economic crisis. This causes the departure of part of the Corsica population.
In 1943, first released department, Corsica valiantly defended itself vis-a-vis the troops of the Axis. But with beginning of the year 60, the islanders start another resistance: that they intend to carry out in their own name, and for their island. In 1975, violences with Aléria against a cellar held by a pied-noir owner, oppose the separatists, led by Edmond Simeoni, with the police force. This incident will be followed by the development and the toughening of the tendencies separatists and freedom fighters.
In 1982, within the framework of law on decentralization, a new statute sets up Corsica in Area. The first Corsica regional assembly is elected by the vote for all. In 1991 the island becomes a territorial collectivity, and has a particular status.